Shock Absorber Checks

All vehicles are equipped with gas-pressurized hydraulic shock absorbers. These shock absorbers ar not adjustable or refillable and cannot be serviced.

1. Oil Leak: A light film of oil (weepage) on the upper portion of the shock absorber is permissible and is a result of proper shock lubrication. Weepage is a condition in which a thin tube (body) and is normally noticed due to the collection of dust in this area. Shock absorbers which exhibit this weepage condition are functional units and should be replaced. Leakage is a condition in which the entire shock body is covered with oil and the oil will drip from the shock onto the pavement. If condition exists:
   1. Ensure that fluid observed is not from sources other than the shock absorber.
   2. Replace the worn or damaged shock absorber.

2. Vehicle Sag: Many times shock absorbers are replaced in an effort to solve a vehicle sag concern. Shock absorbers by design are hydraulic damping units only, and unlike suspension springs, do not support any suspension loads. Therefore, replacing a shock absorber will not correct a vehicle sag concern.

3. Replacement in Pairs: In the past is was recommended that shock absorbers be replaced in pairs if one unit became unserviceable. Improved sealing, due to new materials and design and improved rod machining and hardening techniques along with improved manufacturing quality checks have added to the functional reliability of shock absorbers. Therefore, shocks no longer need to be replaced in pairs when only one until is not serviceable.

Vehicle Inspection

1. Check all tires for proper inflation pressure.

2. Check tire condition to confirm proper front-end alignment, tire balance and overall tire condition such as separation or bulges.

3. Check the vehicle for optional suspension equipment such as heavy duty handling or trailer tow suspensions. These suspension will have a firmer ride feeling than standard suspensions.

4. Check vehicle attitude for evidence of possible overload or sagging. Check luggage compartment area.

5. Road test vehicle to confirm customer concern after performing above Steps.

Bench Test

With the shock absorber right side up (as installed in vehicle), extend it fully. Then turn the shock absorber upside down and fully compress it. Repeat this procedure at least three time to ensure that any trapped air has been expelled. Now place the shock absorber right side up in a vise and hand stroke the shock absorber. Check the shock absorber insulators for damage and wear.

1. If the shock absorber is properly primed, in its installed position and there is a lag or a skip occurring near mid-stroke of the shaft reverse travel direction.

2. If there is any seizing during the shaft full travel, except at either end of the travel.

3. If upon the shaft fast, reverse stroke, there is any noise encountered other than a faint swish, such as a clicking sound.

4. If there are excessive fluid leaks and the shock absorber actions remain erratic after purging air.

   NOTE: The front shock absorber is part of the front shock and spring assembly and requires disassembly of the front suspension in order to replace. Refer to Section 04-01.

   Before replacing a shock absorber, check the action of the shock absorber as follows:

Hoist Check

1. Noise: Noise can be caused by loose suspension or shock attachments. Verify that all attachments or the suspension components and shock absorbers are tight. Replace any worn or damaged upper stud insulators. Replace any shock absorber that has a damaged integral lower mounting bushing. Check shock absorbers for external damage.

2. Bottom/Hopping: Check condition of the rubber suspension travel stops (jounce/rebound bumpers). Replace if worn or missing. Examine for evidence of previous overload or damaged components.

3. Force-Check: Support lower arm or axle, and remove lower shock attachment. Stroke shock absorber body using as much travel as possible. The action should be smooth and uniform throughout each stroke. Damping forces should be equivalent on both sides of the vehicle.

4. Replace only the worn or damaged shock absorber. Shock absorbers do not require replacement in pairs, unless both units are worn or damaged.